We optimised a ventilation grille’s lattice geometry to improve airflow distribution while minimising pressure loss.

A targeted computational fluid dynamics model of the grille and the near-field duct section resolved jet formation through each lattice and recombination downstream. The study assessed different cell shapes, open-area ratios, bar thicknesses and spacing to quantify the trade-offs between lattice design optimisation and manufacturability.

Key metrics included the system loss coefficient, flow-uniformity indices at defined sampling planes and sensitivity to installation misalignments, expressed in practical engineering terms.

Mesh and solver checks ensured stable trends between the different options. Parametric runs also established response surfaces to guide the selection process.

The preferred lattice achieved better HVAC flow distribution without a significant head-loss penalty. This was particularly evident when small fillets and moderated porosity gradients were introduced to suppress separation and equalise velocities.

We recommended a geometry that delivers robust uniformity across realistic operating conditions, supported by straightforward dimensional tolerances to protect performance during fabrication and installation.